The history of village dogs in Mongolia is deeply rooted in the country’s nomadic traditions, harsh climate, and unique cultural heritage. They helped nomadic herders manage their flocks of sheep, goats, horses, and yaks, protecting them from predators such as wolves and snow leopards. They also provided warmth, protection, and companionship in the harsh and isolated environment of the Mongolian steppes. Like in other parts of the world, village dogs in Mongolia face various challenges, including issues related to overpopulation, stray dog management, and animal welfare. Efforts are underway to address these challenges through initiatives such as spay/neuter programs, vaccination campaigns, and community education efforts.