The village dog population in Costa Rica, often referred to as “perros callejeros” or street dogs, shares similarities with other village dog populations found in various regions of the world. These dogs are not considered a specific breed but rather a mixture of different breeds and landrace dogs that have adapted to life in urban and rural areas. They play various roles in society. They are often kept as pets by families in rural areas, where they may serve as guardians of property or livestock. In urban areas, street dogs are a common sight, living in communities and relying on scavenging for food. Costa Rican village dogs come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and coat types. Their appearance can vary greatly depending on their geographic location, climate, and the specific tasks they are bred for.