Early civilizations in the region, such as the Sumerians, Babylonians, and Egyptians, valued dogs for their hunting abilities, guarding instincts, and companionship. Over time, indigenous breeds of dogs emerged in different regions of the Middle East, shaped by their local environments, human interactions, and cultural practices. These dogs were often valued for their versatility, intelligence, and adaptability to diverse climates and terrains. In urban areas of the Middle East, street dogs, often referred to as “baladi dogs” or “pariah dogs,” are a common sight. These dogs are typically of mixed ancestry and roam freely in neighborhoods, scavenging for food and forming bonds with local residents.